Understand the two types of RNA editing that occur and, in general, the types of mechanisms that produce them

• And how these edits can affect amino acid sequence

For ADAR editing, understand:

• where it usually occurs
• why it occurs

Understand what an exon joining complex is and why it is important

Understand the factors that contribute to mRNA stability

Be able to describe WHY there is degeneracy in the genetic code

Know which parts of a gene make it into a transcript, and which parts of a transcript make it into a protein

Understand the Svedberg unit and why 30S + 50S does not equal 80S

Know the difference between a polycistronic and a monocistronic message

Be able to label a fully assembled ribosomal unit in prokaryotes

For the following mechanisms, understand/describe (to the detail discussed in lecture):

• The sequence features required for the mechanism to take place
• The steps of the mechanism
• The proteins involved at each step
• The outcome(s) of the mechanism

Mechanisms:

Processing of ncRNAs:

• miRNAs
• tRNAs

The pairing relationship of the codon and the anticodon of a tRNA

In general, at this stage, the ribosome cycle

• Remember that we are not spending much time on elongation

The charging of tRNAs

• You do NOT need to know which class aminoacyl transferase is used
• Just be familiar with the text on slide 36 of lecture 18

For mechanisms as well as the other proteins mentioned in the learning objectives, think about what would happen if you removed their functionality through mutagenesis.